Breeding cats at home

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To people who have not encountered the mating of animals, it may seem that this is a simple matter, that nature itself does everything, and the owners only bring a furry couple together. Well, professional breeders will disagree with this. Those for whom mating cats and cats coming for the first time. Many questions immediately arise: you need to find out what time to knit and where is best, whether you need to prepare your pets, whether any documents are required.

It is better to study the answers to all the questions in detail and approach the matter fully armed.

When is the best time to breed cats?

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Nature has its own time for everything. Mating of cats is carried out no earlier than one year: it is important to wait until they are fully physiologically formed. The first two heats are ignored.

The optimal time for mating for the first time is considered to be up to one and a half years old; if it is late, then there may be difficulties in communicating with the cat and the manifestation of strong aggression towards him.

An excellent solution would be to keep a diary with records of all the dates about the beginning and end of the estrus period: this will help calculate the beginning of the next estrus and set the day for mating the cat and the cat.

Cat in heat

Estrus does not last long: 5-10 days. In the first two days, a change in the pet’s behavior is noticeable. The female becomes agitated, overly affectionate, or unusually aggressive. The cat rubs against furniture and the legs of household members. The change in gait is obvious - one cannot help but notice the raised tail and arched lower back. The pussy still won't let the cat near it.

Then, until the 6th day, the owners “enjoy” the calling heart-rending meow. If you pet a cat, she immediately takes an unambiguous pose, not forgetting to move her tail to the side and raise her rump. Appetite decreases, urination becomes more frequent. The animal expresses its readiness to copulate.

Cat sexual maturity

The cat reaches sexual maturity from the 8th to the 10th month. It depends more on the breed. Puberty is completed by the age of one and a half years. There is a change in the behavior of the male: aggression appears, closer to night everyone “enjoys” the concerts of screams and meows. Particularly “pleasant” is the cat’s desire to mark everything around with a pungent-smelling secret. Particularly zealous cats make attempts to satisfy sexual needs with soft things. In the spring, the desire to continue their race is especially strong, although males are ready for this all year round.

First mating

Puberty, as a rule, occurs earlier than the complete formation of the body. Therefore, it is not recommended to breed very young animals - they are not fully ready for reproduction.

There is a concept of “physiological maturity”, which means the ability of a cat to give healthy offspring, and a cat - full-fledged genetic material. Cats of most breeds reach physiological maturity at the age of 12 months, males - 14–18 months. By this moment, the female has finally matured: growth has ended, the genitals are fully formed - the cat is able to bear and give birth to healthy, strong kittens. It is recommended to skip the first two heats and only then allow them to mate.

Pregnancy that is too early for a cat can lead to a difficult pregnancy, painful labor and weak, sickly offspring. An underdeveloped uterus leads to miscarriages and infertility. In cats, mating before full maturation worsens their appearance, affects their health and can cause impotence.

Late mating is harmful due to a large number of empty heats, which lead to tumors, polycystic diseases, stress of the body against the background of general dissatisfaction, and disorders of the reproductive cycle. In cats, in such cases, the quality of sperm decreases. When the first mating is late, it is psychologically more difficult for them to come into contact with the cat.

A cat's age affects her ability to give birth. It is not advisable to allow females over eight years of age to mate, as they develop a tendency to miscarriages and complications. At this age, it is better to undergo surgery to remove the reproductive organs, which will relieve tension and reduce the risk of tumors.

Preparation for mating

Preparation is necessary to ensure that everything goes smoothly and without unnecessary problems. There are some tips for preparing cats and female cats for mating .

Owners of females should worry about searching for a male in advance, especially if they have purebred pets. In advance, before the start of the process, both parties prepare veterinary passports and documents confirming the origin and pedigree, and an agreement.

3-4 weeks before mating, the cat must be examined by a veterinarian; based on tests, he will issue a conclusion about the presence of infectious diseases; vaccination will also be carried out, if necessary.

Two weeks before the process, deworming is carried out. The animals' claws are trimmed within 2-3 days. The cat is not bathed to preserve its natural scent.

Mating is a responsible matter

Before mating two animals, each owner should ask themselves a few questions regarding whether they want to have additional offspring, look for potential partners for this, and take part in exhibitions in the future. Sometimes the search for a cat or female for breeding can drag on for a long time due to the difficult nature of the pet or pet. And to participate in exhibitions in the future, you will have to spend significant sums on vaccinating kittens and caring for them.

Sometimes owners do not know at all what to do with the offspring that are born. It becomes a heavy burden that many strive to get rid of. Thus, in order to avoid a number of problems, it is worth thinking about whether all this is necessary now or should you postpone mating until next time?

If all the questions asked have been answered positively, and the pet owner is ready to support and care for future offspring, then you can begin to look for a partner for the cat and carry out the mating process.

Mating contract

The contract is an important part that is simply stupid to ignore - it is a legal guarantee of honest cooperation between two animal owners.

The contract clearly states information about the animals, their owners and health status. Also, the obligations and rights of the parties are outlined point by point, all actions in case of various circumstances are regulated, the type of payment and its methods, management of pregnancy, responsibility for childbirth, and registration of offspring are also immediately indicated.

A cat mating agreement protects each party from possible problems, where clear instructions are given regarding all the nuances of the process.

Sample cat breeding contract.pdf

First mating - features and rules

To breed a cat for the first time, you need to properly prepare the animal for a meeting with a cat.:

Anthelmintic measures must be carried out 14 days before the expected date.
In pedigree breeding, the search for a partner occurs among professional breeders interested in preserving the breed and the quality of future offspring.
The use of any hormonal drugs that inhibit or stop estrus is prohibited.
Animals must have all necessary vaccinations. Vaccinations against chlamydia and lichen are considered desirable for implementation, but are not included in the list of mandatory ones.
To prevent animals from injuring each other during the mating process, their claws are cut.
Before mating a female with a male, it is not recommended to bathe them, since hygiene products can eliminate or significantly reduce the natural odor of animals, which helps awaken instincts.
A virgin cat can be mated with a cat who already has experience in insemination.

Note to breeders! Animals planned for mating must be healthy, well-fed and well-groomed.

The mating process is controlled by the owner of the male; he takes responsibility for both animals, their health, physical condition and life.

The cat's first mating

Despite the fact that a cat goes into heat for the first time at 7-9 months, a responsible owner will not rush to find a cat for her. The animal is not ready for mating, either physically or psychologically: this can lead to dire consequences in the form of complicated childbirth, stillbirth, and even provoke infertility. Starting from the age of one year, the cat is ready to try to continue her race for the first time.

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The first mating is not much different from all subsequent ones: the bride is brought to the groom’s house, she gets used to it and after a while she lets her new friend come closer, sometimes she drives her away and lets her in again. Then the anger changes to mercy and a short sexual intercourse occurs. There can be up to 8 such acts within an hour.

How to find out if a cat is pregnant after mating7

Unfortunately, there are no pregnancy tests for cats. The owner will have to rely on psychological and physical signs of conception.

Table. Symptoms of pregnancy in a cat

Signs of pregnancy	Detailed description
Not in heat	From 2 times a month to 1 time every 3 months. If the expected date is approaching, and the animal does not show any signs of readiness to mate with the cat, most likely she will soon become a mother. Do not forget that estrus can also occur during pregnancy - at 3-6 weeks. Therefore, it is not worth judging the occurrence of pregnancy only by this sign.
Nipples change color	They are usually flesh-colored or slightly darker. During pregnancy, the nipples become bright pink. This is especially noticeable when the cat is preparing to become a mother for the first time.
Drowsiness, weakness, lack of desire to play or frolic	Just like humans, cats have hormonal changes during pregnancy. Therefore, there is a change in mood, behavior, taste preferences
Behavior change	The pet becomes overly caring, demands more attention and affection from the owner, begins to spend a lot of time in the same place and arrange it
Tummy rounding	At the same time, the cat does not look blurry, as is the case with obesity.

Mating should be carried out after 1 heat. Pregnancy should occur no more than 2 times a year. Since regular childbirth torments the animal.

It is worth noting that before 21 days it is not possible to find out whether a cat will become a mother. The first signs of conception and the possibility of an ultrasound will appear only after the specified period.

Ultrasound

How does mating occur in cats?

Although the cat is always ready for mating, the start of the process is scheduled for the 3-5th day of the female’s estrus. You should know that some breeds do not fall into this interval, since they ovulate on the 9-10th day.

The female is brought into the cat's territory - it is more difficult for him to do his job in an unfamiliar environment. The conditions specified in the contract are provided for the cat in the receiving home.

The cat gradually gets used to it and can begin to flirt with the male. This behavior of a lady signals to her partner that it is time to get closer. At the first attempt, the shrew can hit the male with her paw, and he retreats. After several attempts by the groom, the kitties stop reacting like that, and he mounts. Half a minute later, the cat’s contented purring and loud cries are heard.

The eggs are released from the ovaries and fertilization occurs.

How to match a cat with a cat for the first time

If you decide to introduce and bring together your cat with a cat in order to produce offspring, then be prepared for the fact that you will certainly not be bored for several days in your house. The behavior of newlyweds can be the most unpredictable, regardless of their character and temperament, or even the time of day. Be prepared for a showdown both day and night, especially if the cat and cat are meeting for the first time and have not met before.

In addition, you must be very attentive and caring towards the guest or guest, depending on whose territory the wedding will take place. Therefore, if you have planned this magical event, this article is for you!

The behavior of animals will depend, first of all, on who (a cat or a male cat) stays at home, that is, on its territory, where the environment is familiar to the animal and it feels like a master. Someone who is invited to a date in someone else's home will naturally feel insecure, experience some stress, and perhaps be defensive or hide.

If there is a cat at home, and the cat is invited as a groom, then be prepared for the fact that on the very first day the modest gentleman, having received a punch in the face, in the literal sense of these words, will hide under the sofa or closet. Most likely, he will sit there until the obstinate lady herself takes the initiative to get acquainted and makes contact.

Until this time, be sure to take care of your guest and provide him with a separate bowl of food and water. It is advisable if these bowls are his own, brought by the cat’s owners along with him. The cat will eat from its own dishes more confidently on foreign territory. And, if he is hiding somewhere, then food and water need to be placed where the cat is sitting, since he himself will never come to the food. But keeping a guest hungry is impolite and not good!

If the gentleman turns out to be brave, then, having received a couple of scratches on his nose, which, by the way, is quite normal on the day of meeting, he, however, will quickly come to an agreement with your favorite.

When the owner of the territory is a cat, the invited bride can even hiss and scratch at him at first. This reaction is explained, first of all, by the fact that the cat feels unprotected on foreign territory. She, as in the case of a modest groom, must be provided with all the comforts and good food, given the opportunity to sit in a chosen secluded place and calm down, after which she will begin to be more interested in the cat’s advances and will soon cease to be afraid of him.

Very often, cats, during sexual heat, may partially or even completely refuse to eat. In fact, there is nothing wrong with this. It’s just that another natural function of the body comes to the fore, and appetite decreases or disappears for a while. The main thing is that the refusal of food does not last more than one or two days, and does not cause significant harm to the health of the future mother cat. A gentleman can also refuse food for the same reason.

One way or another, when this necessary and, most often, short period of acquaintance between the bride and groom ends, wise nature will still take its toll. Then your pets will move on from hissing, scratching and playing hide and seek to expected activities. All you have to do is feed them well, especially the cat, since now her body will need much more nutrients than before. In addition, you need to prepare in advance a large and comfortable house for the expectant mother with kittens. And after a while, you can happily wait for a new addition to your happy cat family!

Next entry

DIY cat toys

When to pick up an animal

If after mating the cat turns over on her back and starts rolling on the floor, and the cat leaves and indifferently licks her genitals, the mating cycle is over. But the lady is not immediately taken away from her gentleman.

For the entire period from the moment the cat arrives at the house of the future father of her children until the end of the mating period, 4-5 days can pass. But if the lady quickly gets used to it, and the partners accept each other, two or three days are enough for everything. After this, the owner of the male notifies the other party about the completion of the process, and the future mother of the charming kittens can be taken away.

Features of mating Scottish Folds

To get healthy offspring of Scottish Folds, it is necessary to select a Scottish Straight partner, that is, an animal of a similar breed, but not with folded, but with straight ears. These breeds are completely consistent with each other in terms of characteristics, except for the shape of the ears. You should not mate a Scottish Fold with a British cat, as this is not acceptable by modern standards. As a result of such mating, the cubs are too large, in which the shape of the tail and head is slightly changed, and the structure of the coat also changes. If you want to exhibit your pet at shows, then this partner option is not the best. You cannot breed two animals with folded ears, since the offspring eventually appear with pathologies and defects in the form of fragile limbs, a problematic vertebra and general weakness of the body. When choosing a cat for mating, it is necessary to take into account the appearance of the animal: uniformity of color, quality of coat, proportionality of physique. Therefore, be sure to make sure that the cat has a flexible tail, as this is an indicator of the health of the spine.

This will avoid the birth of offspring with congenital pathologies. It is important to consider the folding of a cat's ears. The perfect type of ears are forward-facing, small, widely set ears that do not protrude beyond the outline of the head.

The most valuable option would be ears that have a double fold and are tightly folded on the head. Cats with three folds on their ears are extremely rare, but are valued above all others. Before mating, you need to assess the cat's health. Make sure there is no dander, no discharge from the eyes, ears or nose, and that the animal is of adequate body weight. If it is obvious that there are symptoms of malaise, it is better to refuse mating.

To find a suitable partner, you can contact a breeding club that specializes in the breeding and development of Scottish Folds. Specialists will provide advice and select a cat with optimal characteristics that will produce promising offspring. The club will help ensure the health of the animal, the quality of the ears and other parameters.

Cat behavior after mating

It is interesting to observe how the owner’s pet behaves after the end of the process - impatient owners want to quickly understand whether their cat is pregnant?

In the first days after mating, the pussy may continue to ask the cat, scream and seem restless: even if everything was successful, the body does not rebuild itself in a day, and hormones continue to play in the pet’s blood for some time. This will pass in 2-3 days.

Sometimes after the beauty is brought home, she hides in a corner and is sad, sleeping a lot. The lethargy of the expectant mother is explained by fatigue from the stress she has experienced and the estrus itself.

It happens that a cat refuses food for several days, only drinking water - this is simply the consequences of stress.

Gulena cat: all the subtleties of the process

There is an opinion that a cat wants a cat in the spring, or more precisely, in March. And it is true... in relation to the “correct” cats living “in nature”. Natural laws tell them to walk in the spring, feed their offspring in the warm season, and in the cold, think only about survival. Unfortunately or fortunately, the sleek, mustachioed pets who live in our homes look down on this opinion. A sweet life and a good diet lead to the fact that they are ready to reproduce throughout the summer and autumn months, and even winter.

At what age does a cat start asking for a cat?

What time do cats start walking? It depends on its breed: usually a cat begins to ask for a cat for the first time in the sixth to tenth month of life. However, despite the onset of puberty before the age of one year, she is not always able to give birth to healthy babies at this time. If a cat wants a cat for the first time, it is advisable not to let them meet at least until the age of one and a half years.

Signs of estrus in a tailed “bride”

What signs in an animal's behavior indicate that a cat wants a cat? There are a lot of them, and it’s difficult not to notice the signs that a cat has gone on a spree:

the cat screams both day and night, trying to run away from the house;
cannot stay in one place;
cuddles up to people and rubs against objects;
calm cats become aggressive, and vice versa;
rolls on the floor, lifts its tail up or to the side, tramples with its hind legs, as if squatting on them;
loses appetite or almost refuses to eat;
noticeable discharge from the genitals;
urination becomes more frequent.

How often does a cat ask for a cat?

How many days does a cat walk? The duration of her estrus varies from person to person. But the end of this period, when the cat has gone on a spree, does not mean at all that the owners can relax for a long time: if the “bride” did not manage to meet the “groom”, screaming and rolling on the floor can resume after a week or two. And to the question “how many days does the cat ask for the cat?” the exhausted owners answer: “all 365 in a year!” How this looks in practice, look at the video (Alexey Karasev).

How long does a cat walk?

How long does the cat ask for the cat? The duration of estrus is usually from 7 to 20 days. If the “bride” does not become pregnant, then the “wedding requirements” will be repeated every 14-21 days until she is expecting children or the resting season begins. Occasionally, a third option is also possible, the so-called false pregnancy, which postpones the appearance of a new period when the cat wants a cat.

Stages of heat

The estrus process can be roughly divided into four stages.

The first is called proestrus. It lasts from 1 to 4 days and is characterized by the relative calm of the animal. The beginning of the period when the cat went on a spree is indicated only by quiet throaty meows and obsessive caressing of the owners. The tailed cat is not yet ready to meet a roaming cat.
The second period, estrus, can last 7–10 days. The female begins not just to scream, but to scream at the top of her lungs. When you stroke her back, she crouches, moving her tail to the side. This means they are ready to mate. If you want to let her have a kitten or several, it is better to bring a male on the 3rd-5th day of estrus.
In the third period, metestrus, which lasts from 3 to 12 days, the pet that has walked with the “groom” will drive away all applicants. When fertilization does not occur, a false pregnancy may begin, very similar to the real one, but not ending in childbirth. True pregnancy in your pet lasts 60–70 days.
In the last, fourth period, called anestrus, she calms down.

How to avoid breeding a dog?

The process of breeding animals requires moral readiness and financial investment from the owner. It happens that unwanted mating in dogs upsets long-prepared plans and agreements. To avoid such troubles, you should:

Do not let a female in heat off the leash, do not leave her unattended outside, even for a short time.
Before each walk, treat your dog with special preparations that will repel unwanted gentlemen with their smell.

A planned and well-prepared mating of dogs will allow you to obtain high-quality puppies with the desired pedigree characteristics. If the owner is not confident in his knowledge of preparing and conducting such an event, you can seek help from professionals who will select the best batch for the pet, recommend the necessary measures before the procedure, and help in the process itself if certain difficulties arise.

Animal Physiology

Even if your kitten is still small, it will not always remain that way. And, one day you will have to face the physiological characteristics of your pet’s development. So that this does not become an unpleasant surprise for you, and you are prepared for it, we suggest that you familiarize yourself specifically with the physiology of both cats and cats.

Physiology of cats

As a rule, teenage cats reach puberty by the 8th month of their life (possibly earlier, but it depends on the animal’s body)... This means that from that moment on, your cute kitten has turned into an adult cat, with a real male living inside of him , for whom the instinct of reproduction is above all.

How to tell if a cat is in mating season

If you are worried that this event will pass you by, calm down. Throughout the mating season, the cat’s behavior changes so much that it is simply impossible not to notice it. First of all, a previously calm cat becomes very excited, and even if he previously did not show any interest in the world outside the window, he may try to jump out onto the stairwell (besides, there is a charming cat living next door). In the case when all the doors are securely locked, the animal can torment you for hours with its heart-rending screams and groans. But, and that’s not all – the cat begins to mark its territory, and the smell of such urine is very pungent. In a matter of days, your apartment “smells” with not very pleasant aromas. Well, if fur toys, pillows from the sofa, or even your things come into the field of view of a grown-up pet... the cat may attempt a sexual attack against them. You don’t recognize him as your pet, and if it weren’t for the months you lived under the same roof, you would definitely wonder whether it was worth having a cat in the house. What saves the situation is that you knew your teenage cat differently. Although, to be frank, not all owners have enough endurance and there is a percentage of animals that receive a one-way “ticket” to the street immediately after the start of their first mating season.

Well, if a real cat comes into the cat’s field of smell, and even during the period of heat, then you can’t control the cat. Although, if you plan to breed cats, you should not limit the freedom of your pet. He just needs to find a cat. So,

The first mating is best done with a cat that has already had kittens.

In the future, you can use your breeding cat for mating several times a month, and when the animal gets older - up to 2 times a week...

What to do if you do not plan to breed animals

If your cat is not a special breed, and the hassle of adopting kittens is not part of your plans, and you are annoyed by this behavior of the animal, then in order not to torment the animal and not irritate yourself, it is better to castrate the cat. You can read about when it is best to castrate here. This operation is not complicated, it will not cause harm to health, the animal will calm down after it, and the problem of restless behavior during the mating season will be closed for you once and for all.

We are not considering a drug solution to this problem, due to its low effectiveness, especially in the case of cats. All these tablets and drops do not work on all cats and their use can negatively affect the health of your pet.

Physiology of cats

Cats usually reach sexual maturity at 5-8 months. However, this does not mean that at such an early age they can already have kittens. Early pregnancy can negatively affect a cat's health; kittens can be born weak, and the cat can simply... eat them. Therefore, despite the fact that physiologically the animal’s body is seemingly ready for the mating process, there is no need to rush into it too much. It is a completely different matter when the cat reaches the age of 12 months.

The frequency of estrus in a cat is a rather individual indicator, which is influenced by many factors. And, especially the diet, and the living conditions, and even the breed of the animal itself, and, of course, the time of year. But, as a rule, the onset of estrus occurs in January-February (short period) and in June-July (summer estrus can last up to 2 weeks, especially if there are cats nearby). During the first heat, the cat is quite aggressive towards the male. As for the remaining periods, she will change her anger to a favorable mood. The childbearing period is quite long and there are even cases where a cat gave birth to kittens at the age of 15.

How to tell if your cat is in mating season

Unlike cats, which become aggressive, cats at the beginning of the mating season become affectionate and... restless. The animal sometimes purrs, sometimes meows, rolls around on the floor, and if you begin to stroke the cat in such an excited state, it will immediately take a position convenient for mating. During this period, the cat may experience poor appetite, characteristic discharge, and she, like a cat, tends to run away from home.

If you are planning to breed kittens and are expecting offspring from a cat, this is the most favorable moment for this. It is noteworthy that in Nature a cat chooses a cat for herself, but when it comes to targeted breeding, then her choice is, of course, limited. However, experts recommend trying to avoid inbreeding - mating between “relatives”, animals from the same lamb.

What to do if you do not plan to breed kittens

As is the case with cats, we would not advise you to choose a solution to the problem such as drug blocking the cat’s sexual activity. The fact is that all these drugs, regardless of the form in which they are produced - in the form of tablets, injection ampoules or drops - are hormonal drugs that negatively affect the hormonal background of your cat. As a result, after several years of regular use of such drugs that block her sexual activity, the cat begins to get sick and may even develop pyometra.

A much less dangerous option for sterilization. You can read about how the operation itself goes and what the risks are here. After such a surgical intervention, the animal quickly recovers and you do not have any problems with it in this regard.

This is much more humane towards the cat and her unborn kittens. And, what point of view do you adhere to?

Dog mating: how it goes

Mating is a natural process embedded in genes and instincts. In most cases, animals cope well with this on their own, without the help of their owners or instructor. The exception is small breeds, which, due to physiology, more often need help in fulfilling their parental duties.

Preparation

The ultimate goal of breeding dogs is to produce healthy offspring, so each of the future parents should visit a veterinarian before mating. If the intended mating and subsequent pregnancy span the period of mandatory annual vaccination, it is necessary to consult a doctor and shift the schedule so that the bitch’s body has time to recover after vaccination. Two weeks before mating, dogs are treated prophylactically for worms.

Technology and assistance

In nature, the process of mating dogs is not much different from human reproduction.

After introduction, a short foreplay in the form of games and sniffing, the male climbs onto the bitch from behind (therefore it is important that she is ready, pulls her tail back and stands calmly). Cynologists call reciprocating movements cages

The penis must enter the vagina and inject sperm. At this moment, there is a maximum rush of blood to the bitch’s genitals, they swell and hold the male’s penis.

The so-called lock in dogs during mating or mating can last from several minutes to an hour. Don't worry - this is a natural stage of mating. It happens that gluing does not occur. This may be a warning sign that the mating has failed. Often such acts still end in pregnancy, but in this case, repeated mating after a day or two becomes more important.

After a successful act, the dogs are bred. Both owners should inspect their animals to make sure there are no injuries or other problems. It is better to wash the genitals immediately.

During breeding, the dog often needs help to become more comfortable.

The owner or mating instructor carefully throws the dog's paw over the bitch's croup so that the animals are facing each other with their backs

It is important to do this as tactfully as possible so as not to scare the dogs. If the bitch tries to lie down or move away, gently but persistently hold her until the genitals are separated.

Help in this natural process is often necessary for small breed dogs - toy terriers, Yorkshire terriers, chihuahuas. Sometimes pugs and bulldogs need it, and among large breeds - Great Danes. The reason for the “lack of independence” of these animals, as you might guess, is the discrepancy in the size of the partners.

If the male is rather short, you can help him by placing a pillow, a blanket folded several times, or something similar under his paws. If the bitch is too short, she is placed with her stomach on the owner's knee. It is strictly forbidden for a bitch to bend her hind legs - this can lead to injuries for both partners.

Mating process

To increase the likelihood of fertilization and make mating safe and comfortable for animals, the following rules must be followed:

mating should take place in the cat’s territory;
It is recommended to deliver the female 1-2 days before mating and gradually introduce the pets to each other;
a separate room should be allocated for mating, where only the owner of the male can have access;
Animals should have free access to food for 1-2 days, a clean tray and drinking water;
if the cat is nervous, has difficulty covering the female, or has no mating experience, then its owner can hold the cat or help with penetration of the genital organ;
A few days before mating, vitamins should be added to the diet of both pets: this will improve the quality of sperm and avoid exhaustion of the cat.

Both animals must be vaccinated, examined for various infections and treated for worms and fleas. Deworming is recommended 10-12 days before the start of estrus. 3-4 days before mating, you need to treat the male and female cat with shampoo or flea drops. If you do this immediately before mating, it can drown out the natural smell and scare away the second partner.

How the knitting process occurs:

A sexual partner for a pet is selected in advance, several weeks or months before the estrus. When choosing, the appearance, pedigree and health indicators of the cat (the shine of the coat, the health of the ears and eyes, behavior, etc.) are taken into account.
2-3 days after the start of proestrus, the cat is delivered to the cat's territory. You should not immediately take her out of the carrier: the female must get used to the smell of her partner and feel safe. When she is ready to be introduced, she will get out of the cage on her own. This takes from several hours to a day.
The courtship ritual is accompanied by purring and calls from the cat, but before estrus begins, the female can drive the cat away with her paw. If the cat has entered the active stage of estrus and takes a characteristic pose, the cat grabs her by the withers and mounts her. The owner's assistance may be required at this stage.
Sexual intercourse lasts 10-20 seconds. At the end, the cat makes a sharp guttural sound and hits the cat with its paw. For several minutes, the female rolls around on the floor, and the male licks the genitals. After this, the process of courtship and covering can be repeated.
Between mating cycles, rest periods occur during which the pets eat, sleep next to each other, or lick each other. The cat remains on the partner's territory for 2-3 days.

In order for the mating to be successful, the female is brought to the male, but not vice versa. The cat should feel like a master in its area. He definitely needs to mark his territory. And, if the owner prefers to wash off the marks with special solutions that kill odors, then the animal may refuse mating.

Cats need to get used to each other

External factors play an important role in mating success. The room where mating is expected must be large so that the animals have the opportunity to play.

When a cat goes into heat, her behavior undergoes changes. She demonstrates her readiness for mating in the form of loud meowing, rolling on the floor, lifting her tail to the side, and arching her back. She takes the same body position during intercourse. The cat settles on top, clinging to the withers with its teeth. The paws are located on the sides.

Classic position during mating

It all starts with foreplay. The cat approaches the female, sniffs her and purrs gently. Most cats at this moment drive the cats away, hissing and waving their paws. The male retreats, but not for long. Then the attempt is turned again. And so on until the cat agrees to mating.

The sexual contact itself lasts 15-25 seconds. During the ejaculation process, the cat makes a loud sound. This is explained by the presence of spines on the penis (to stimulate ovulation). The cat at this time pushes her away from him. The pet may show aggression towards its lover. Therefore, he must quickly run away and hide.

Next, the female will begin to actively roll around on the floor, then will lick the genital area. Some cats are not ready for secondary intercourse. It is possible to repeat sexual contact only after 3-7 attempts. There can be a lot of matings. Therefore, there is no point in doubting that the cat will become a mother in 9 weeks (if the groom’s reproductive organs are fine).

How to prepare for the birth of a cat can be read in our article.

The first thing the cat will do is start licking itself.

It’s worth saying right away that mating is a very energy-consuming process for a cat. Several days of loud meowing, lying on the floor, multiple sexual contacts can leave their mark on the female’s well-being.

Therefore, the animal may feel tired, hide in a corner, crawl under the sofa and simply sleep quietly for several days. If the pet comes out of the “nest”, drinks water, eats, and goes to the litter box, then everything is fine, there should be no reason for concern.

The cat is clearly tired after mating

An increased appetite in a furry pet is also considered normal. During mating, the animal loses a lot of calories and energy, which it tries to replenish by feeding on a bowl of food. Some veterinarians believe that in this way a responsible cat accumulates strength for bearing offspring and subsequent births.

Some pets continue to demand a cat even after numerous sexual intercourses. This process is also easy to explain. It all depends on what day of estrus the intercourse occurred. The fact is that the number of hormones fluctuates throughout the entire period of estrus. Accordingly, the animal’s behavior will change. On average, estrus lasts about 5-10 days. These standards are approximate. The duration may be longer, or it may be shorter.

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If sexual intercourse occurred in the first days (from the third to the fifth day of the cycle), then the estrus will last the prescribed amount of time. The body does not perceive pregnancy immediately after fertilization. Therefore, some cats behave at this time as if conception had not occurred and continue to demand a cat for mating.

The cat is still asking for a cat

The owner should not allow the breeding to happen again. This can lead to the fact that fetuses with different dates are fixed in the uterine cavity, which will cause the birth of dead kittens or with developmental abnormalities. For mom, this is also a dangerous process, sometimes leading to exhaustion and other dangerous consequences.

If sexual contact occurs in the middle of the estrus period (5-7 days), then there is a high probability that the pet will calm down and stop demanding a cat. Concern on her part will manifest itself if the duration of estrus is more than 10 days. But the activity will not be the same as in the first days.

If intimacy occurred in the last days of estrus, then the cat will behave calmly. In the last days of estrus, the animal's hormonal levels stabilize. Therefore, 90% of all cats stop being active and demanding a male.

After mating, the female may continue to worry for a couple of hours (or even days!), scream, stick out her tail when touching her rump, and lie on the floor. This is a natural process and should not cause concern to owners. The fact is that during the process of estrus, a large amount of sex hormones is released into the bloodstream.

Ovulation begins approximately on the second day (up to 30 hours) after mating. Therefore, it is quite reasonable that the cat will demand a cat for at least 1 more day.

The cat does not yet understand that she is pregnant and continues to roll on the floor

How to understand that ovulation has occurred? Everything is very simple. If the cat is no longer interested in the imported bride, this means that the process of release of the mature egg from the ovaries has occurred and the pet can be safely taken home. The same applies to the aggressive behavior of a cat towards a former lover.

The cat is aggressive against the cat

It is worth noting that the female can demand a “groom” during pregnancy. This process is due to the fact that the level of progesterone in the blood decreases sharply due to pregnancy. Pathological hormonal disruption occurs 3-6 weeks from the day of fertilization. The cat does not realize that she is pregnant, so she will demand to finish the job she started. Coitus should not be allowed during this period. Especially if 60-75 days have not passed since the date of mating.

It is worth saying that mucus released from the vagina after mating is in some cases a normal phenomenon, and in others it is pathological.

Usually, within 2-3 days after intercourse, the cat begins to leak a transparent, viscous secretion. This indicates that the heat is continuing. This process should not cause concern to owners.

You need to sound the alarm when the secreted mucus is red, brown or brown in color and emits a putrid odor. It means:

inflammation in the genital area due to the development of a bacterial or viral infection;
miscarriage;
relapse of chronic diseases of the reproductive organs.

The mating was clearly unsuccessful.
Abortion can occur 2-5 days after mating or in the last stages of pregnancy. The reasons may be:

infectious diseases (plague, chlamydia, toxoplasmosis, brucellosis, etc.);
non-infectious factors - abnormalities in fetal development, endocrine diseases of the mother, injuries, intoxication, taking drugs that affect the functioning of smooth muscles, hypothermia, overheating, etc.

If cloudy and foul-smelling discharge mixed with blood appears, you should immediately visit a veterinarian.

At the veterinarian's appointment

Pregnancy

After fertilization of the cat’s egg, pregnancy develops, during which the cat notices:

Development of the embryo and membranes. The zygote, moving along the oviduct into the uterine cavity, quickly fragments. At the beginning, two blastomeres are formed, then four, eight, etc. A cluster of blastomeres without a separate cavity is called a morula. The zygote in the morula stage enters the cat’s uterus 5-8 days after fertilization. A germinal nodule is formed - an embryoblast, and the outer layer of its cells is the trophoblast (feeding leaf). A fluid and a cavity appear between them, and the morula turns into a germinal vesicle - a blastocyte.

Attachment of the embryo to the uterine mucosa—nidation—occurs in cats from days 12-13 to 17. Subsequently, the fetal body is formed from the embryoblast, and the aqueous membrane and placenta are formed from the trophoblast (these are temporary organs of the fetus). In cats, 3 weeks after fertilization, the embryo is surrounded by fully developed membranes: aqueous, urinary and vascular.

Changes in the mother's body during pregnancy . As many corpora lutea develop in the ovaries as the number of egg follicles have matured and ovulated. The uterus begins to develop rapidly, muscle fibers lengthen by 7-12 times and thicken by 3-5 times. Arteries and veins expand 4-5 times and lengthen, new vascular branches appear. A plug of thickened mucus forms in the cervix, preventing infection from entering the vagina. The walls of the uterus form around each fetus expanded areas (ampoules) of a rounded shape, then as the fetuses grow, they acquire an oval shape, and by the end of pregnancy the border between them gradually smoothes out.

With a small number of fetuses, the horns of the uterus form a loop in the abdominal cavity that reaches the diaphragm and liver. If there are a lot of fetuses, a second loop of uterine horns may appear, convexly facing the pelvis. Thus, the uterus can form up to six layers lying in rows.

When the cat is ready

Purring beauties can bear offspring once every 6 months. The time of year, as many owners believe, does not matter. The first estrus in cats is observed from 7 to 9 months of life. However, these are approximate figures. The process may begin earlier, or perhaps much later.

Maximum fertility is observed in the second to fifth year of life. This period is also the luckiest, that is, the risk of developing anomalies in kittens is minimal. A cat can bear offspring and give birth for up to 10 years. Starting from the 7th year of life, the animal’s cycle is disrupted. Kittens during this period may be born with developmental abnormalities (this happens quite rarely, but it is worth considering).

A little foreplay

It is worth noting that it will not be possible to make a connection right away. It is better to introduce the female to the cat gradually. Ideally, the cat will be brought to the “producer” every day for 10-15 minutes. Each time the time of their communication needs to be increased.

The cat’s further behavior after surgery depends on his age and the number of matings before castration. If your pet had “dates” regularly, then he remembers how it was and can try to mate again. Sometimes neutered cats succeed in this, and they even experience pleasure. But over time, such desires pass, since the body no longer requires it.

If a pet has undergone surgery at a young age, without having had time to experience the “taste of love,” but for some reason asks for a female, it means that the hormone responsible for sexual desire still remains in its body. Whether a neutered cat can mate with a cat depends on his past “experience.” If he has something to remember, then the “date” may well take place, and in no case should you worry about this.

After sterilization, the female retains her gonads, but she loses her reproductive function, that is, she becomes infertile. The cat will no longer be able to have kittens, but she will have periods of estrus, and accordingly, the desire for close communication with the cat will remain. Such an operation is ideal for females who love to walk outside - they will “meet” males, but will not become pregnant.

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If the cat is an indoor cat and does not go outside at all, then it is better for her to undergo castration - an operation to remove the ovaries. After it, the female disappears from estrus and the desire to “date” with cats. A castrated cat will not ask for a cat, even if she has already given birth. Whereas a sterilized cat will sometimes show interest in the opposite sex and mate with cats, but without any consequences. In both cases, a female who has undergone an operation, be it castration or sterilization, will no longer be able to bear offspring.

Still have questions? You can ask them to our site's in-house veterinarian in the comment box below, who will respond to them as soon as possible.

Cat pregnancy

In 90% of 100%, the mating of animals is successful and the cat becomes pregnant. From this day on, the cat acquires a special status and needs constant care, affection, love and care, increased nutrition and a comfortable environment around it. You, as the owner, need to provide your cat with proper care during pregnancy, monitor its health, and, if necessary, always be prepared for a joint visit to the veterinarian. Our publication of the same name will tell you how to properly care for a cat during pregnancy.

How long does a cat's pregnancy last?

A cat's pregnancy can last from 55 to 63 days, and its duration depends both on the cat breed itself and on the cat's health and the environment in which it lives. It is also worth knowing that kittens born prematurely are very weak and have little chance of survival. Post-term pregnancy also has a negative impact on the health of the offspring - it can be difficult for a cat to give birth. Kittens can die in her womb, and this can lead to the death of your pet. That's why,

It is very important to keep an accurate calendar for calculating deadlines, as inaccuracy can cost your cat her life.

How does pregnancy progress in a cat?

The behavior of a pregnant cat at the beginning of its “interesting” state is no different from its behavior in everyday life. True, the cat may become less mobile. But, in the second half of pregnancy, the animal begins to follow its instinct of “nesting” and prepare with all its might for the upcoming birth. And you must help her with this. Read more about the peculiarities of pregnancy in cats and about changes in its body on our website.

Preparing for lambing

It is better to start preparing for lambing several weeks before the “x” day. You, as the owner, must arrange the most convenient, comfortable and quiet place for the cat. The cat itself must get used to it and feel as safe as possible in such a “maternity hospital.”

Such a special place for a cat can be a large box or box, always with a roof, at least 50 centimeters wide and at least 45 centimeters high. The width of the entrance should be 20 centimeters, and the entrance should be raised from the bottom by 10 centimeters (so that small kittens cannot leave their cat house). You can make such a box or box yourself.

To make the cat comfortable, warm and soft, it is better to line the bottom of the box with rubberized bedding that can be washed, and lay warm bedding on top. No cotton wool, no scraps of fabric - all this can threaten the health of newborn kittens, who can become entangled in it, suffocate or be injured.

If your cat has long hair, then before giving birth, it is better to cut off the hair on her belly in the nipple area.

A matter of technology: how does sexual intercourse occur and how long does it normally last?

Males and female cats mate according to the same scenario. When contact between them is established, the male approaches the female, first from one side, then from the other, looking intently at her. Having seized a good moment, he rushes at her, making a landing. The cat securely fixes the cat in a motionless state, grabbing its scruff with his teeth and tightly clasping it with his front paws. With his hind limbs spread wide apart, he inserts the penis into the vagina and performs frictions.

Ejaculation ends with a loud cry from the lady. Experiencing pain, she hits the “offender” with her paw, after which he retreats and everyone begins to go about their business: the female rolls on the floor, after which she licks her genitals for a long time, the male cleans the genitals.

What causes pain in a cat during mating? This is due to the special structure of the cat's penis. During the ripening process, many hard teeth appear on it. They are equipped with points that are directed towards the base of the penis. They irritate the cat’s vagina (this is an important condition for ovulation, which in felines does not occur at a certain time in the estrous cycle, but after coitus), causing her pain.

How long does the act itself take? It only lasts a few minutes. It only takes 5-10 seconds for a cat to ejaculate. Cats typically copulate several times a day at 15-20 minute intervals. One cycle of coitus may not be enough for successful fertilization, so it is recommended to leave the pet at the groom’s house for 2–3 days.

Agreement and act of mating dogs

Documenting dog copulation makes life a lot easier. There are no financial claims - they are written down in the contract before the event. All rights and obligations of the parties are stated there.

Document

The act of mating guarantees the health, including reproductive health, of the mating participants. The document is issued to dog owners, one copy is kept in the club. He is certified by the canine organization. The act notes the planned nature of the mating with a description of the pedigree of the male and female. Then, based on the act, a pedigree document is issued to all puppies in the litter. When they grow up, they will also look for partners and arrange matings.

The dog has been man's friend since ancient times. In their natural environment, dogs mate completely independently and do not require human intervention in the reproduction process. Unfortunately, in our time, bred breeds act as pets. Their immunity is reduced. Already the owner has to accompany all aspects of the pet’s life, including studying the issue of how to breed dogs. Therefore, it will be correct to master it, relying on the experience and knowledge of dog kennel specialists.

How to understand that an animal is ready for mating?

You can tell that your pet is ready to mate by changing its behavior. In the first days of estrus, she becomes especially affectionate. At the same time, she experiences increased anxiety. The cat rubs against furniture, corners and other protruding objects, and rolls around on the floor. She is urinating more frequently. Some representatives of the cat family begin to behave aggressively.

During the estrous cycle, they leave special marks throughout the house, secreting a substance containing valeric acid. With the help of this pheromone, females attract males. It has a stimulating effect not only on cats, but also on cats in which estrus has not yet begun. In pets in heat, the vulva swells slightly. There should not be copious discharge from the cat's genitals.

2–3 days after the start of the estrous cycle, these signs become more pronounced. The pet actively rolls on the floor and makes loud sounds similar to howls. If at this moment you stroke her on the withers, she will instantly take a characteristic pose: she will arch her back, lift her tail high and move it to the side, exposing her genitals, she will crawl along the floor and make specific movements with her hind limbs, as if she is trampling or crushing something.

If fertilization occurs and pregnancy occurs, the symptoms of estrus disappear within a few days. In the absence of sexual intercourse, estrus continues for 10–12 days, after which there is a short lull (about 2 weeks), and then signs of estrus resume. The estrous cycle lasts approximately 3 weeks. Cats have 2-3 peaks of sexual activity throughout the year. They usually occur in the spring and summer seasons.

Fertilization of a cat

Fertilization is the process of fusion of a sperm and an egg, resulting in the formation of a new cell - a zygote. Fertilization of the egg occurs in the upper third of the oviduct, where the egg meets the sperm.

During ovulation, the egg, together with the follicular fluid, enters the funnel of the oviduct and, thanks to contractions of its walls and vibrations of the ciliated epithelium, gradually moves along the oviduct into the uterine cavity. Sperm, introduced into the cat’s genital tract during sexual intercourse, moves towards her. When sperm meet an egg, they surround it and penetrate into the area of the corona radiata. Sperm secrete the enzyme hyaluronidase, which dissolves the intercellular substance connecting the follicular cells of the corona radiata. As a result, the transparent membrane is exposed, into which the sperm are embedded. In this case, one of them penetrates into the protoplasm of the egg, where the tail of the sperm dissolves and the head quickly swells, reaching the size of the nucleus of the egg. After this, the nuclei (pronuclei) of the male and female germ cells merge and a new cell is formed - a zygote, from which a new organism is formed.

Cats have a vaginal type of insemination.

Sperm capacitation . Sperm become capable of fertilization only after a certain period of stay in the genital tract, where they undergo certain changes called capacitation. Its essence boils down to the release from the acrosomal head of the sperm of the enzymes necessary for its penetration through the transparent membrane of the egg. For a cat, this process takes 2-24 hours. The survival of sperm in the genital tract of cats lasts up to 2 days. The fertilizing ability of an egg after ovulation in a cat lasts 24-26 hours.

How cats and cats mate

When meeting in person, the animals begin to get to know each other. Usually the male is the first to show interest and diligently “courts” his new girlfriend. He shows her all sorts of attentions, trying to interest her in his person. In most cases, females behave aggressively at first, but usually calm down quickly. And this is only the very beginning of their acquaintance; a rather long “foreplay” awaits them ahead, which can last up to several days.

Mating itself occurs quickly, from ten seconds to three minutes, and consists in the fact that the cat arches her back and the cat crushes her under him, holding the scruff of the neck with his teeth. Don’t be alarmed if your pet screams heart-rendingly during this process; this is a normal reaction. After everything is over, the female calms down, and some cats even tolerate the “act of love” with indifference.