How to choose mating time
Mating a Chihuahua is a responsible process, and therefore it is worth approaching it, realizing the importance of the preparatory stages.
If you have a girl
Bitches are allowed to breed for the first time only after reaching the age of one and a half years (some consider the optimal time for the first mating to be two years). It is believed that if a girl is bred too early or too late (after the age of 8), she will not be able to bear puppies, and the likelihood of miscarriage is extremely high. Therefore, if you are breeding dogs for the first time, wait until the girl goes into heat for the third time (this occurs just when she is about one and a half years old).
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In order for everything to go well, you need to know exactly when the dog is in heat. On what day of heat can dogs be brought together? The optimal time frame is 10–14 days. But in order to accurately determine this, you need to know when exactly the dog goes into heat.
If you have a boy
With a boy, everything is simpler - he will be ready for the first mating at the age of one year. If the dog is too young, after the procedure itself he may become overly aggressive and excitable, so it is better that he is not younger than 1 year. Otherwise, there is a risk that the boy simply will not be able to cope with hormones.
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If the mating is not the first, then you can breed dogs no more than once a month in order to get healthy offspring. A male dog is suitable for mating up to ten years of age, although there are cases when older dogs have not yet lost their reproductive functions.
Place for mating
The choice of location also needs to be approached extremely responsibly, since this will determine how successful the process itself will be. A quiet and calm place where nothing will distract or frighten your pets is best. Of those present, only the owners of both animals should remain; if there is anyone else, there is a risk that the Chihuahua will begin to behave aggressively.
If you decide not to select a place, but to carry out the mating in an apartment, then you should take into account that the apartment must belong to the boy’s owner. The fact is that on her territory a girl can behave extremely aggressively, and even bite her would-be “beau”.
Choosing a partner
This is also an important point, since everyone wants to have healthy offspring and ensure that the mating process itself does not leave traumatic memories for the dogs.
It is worth mentioning the mandatory rules:
- Dogs must not be closely related. This makes it impossible to produce healthy puppies.
- If you are breeding dogs, it is necessary for the partner's owners to provide information about his pedigree and awards at exhibitions.
- Be sure to discuss all the conditions and terms with the partner’s owner, or better yet, document the deal so that there are no unwanted surprises.
If you have a girl
You need to choose a partner very carefully and carefully. First of all, he should not be larger than the bitch - this is fraught with injury. It is also recommended to refrain from mating a girl with a large-headed partner: dog experts say that such a step can have negative consequences for the puppies. In addition, you should carefully study all the documents to make sure that the dog is absolutely healthy and vaccinated - this step will help you avoid unwanted consequences.
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If you have a boy
A partner should also be selected using similar criteria. Be sure to make sure that the bitch is the right size for the dog: if she is too large, naturally nothing will happen. But make sure that she is large enough to bear offspring (the girl must weigh at least 2 kg). Check all documents and certificates about the dog's vaccinations and health to avoid unwanted surprises in the future.
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Preparatory steps shortly before mating:
- A month before mating, conduct a thorough examination of the dogs at a veterinary clinic to make sure that the bitch is healthy and ready to bear and give birth to puppies, and that the male does not have genetic abnormalities or congenital diseases.
- A month before mating, treat the dogs for parasites and deworm them.
- Make sure you have all required vaccinations (distemper, rabies, etc.). If you have not been vaccinated, then get it done!
- Make sure that the sexual partner is completely compatible in weight, height, character (balanced and adequate), and sexually mature.
- Prepare documents for submitting a pedigree to the RKF if a purebred partner is a participant in the mating.
- Draw up and conclude a detailed agreement with the second owner. Specify the subject of payment (money or quantity of puppies), discuss force majeure situations (unsuccessful conception) and other important aspects.
How to prepare
Preliminary preparations are practically the same for both sexes. You need to choose a place in advance and make sure that you, as the owner, know everything that is necessary about the process. If someone suddenly begins to have health problems, it is better to postpone mating or even look for another dog.
It also sometimes happens that dogs at first sight begin to experience mutual hostility and behave extremely aggressively. In this case, find another partner for mating.
If you have a girl
Before breeding a Chihuahua, it is necessary to remove worms three weeks before the process itself. Also, in the case of a girl, you need to know exactly when she went into heat in order to do everything on time.
If you have a boy
As in the case of the girl, preventive measures should be taken to get rid of worms and make sure that the dog is absolutely healthy.
How to determine whether a bitch is ready for mating?
The female reproductive system is located inside the abdominal cavity. The only external visible genital part is the vulva (loop).
The female gonads are the ovaries. They produce eggs and sex steroid hormones:
- estrogen;
- progesterone
An egg fertilized by sperm is fixed on the wall of the uterus, and the biological process of the birth of a puppy embryo begins. The final stage of formation is the birth of puppies. The cervix opens and they are pushed out of the vagina and vulva. The biological process is called childbirth.
A number of factors allow you to understand whether a bitch is ready for motherhood:
- The female is at least 1.5 years old;
- before this there were at least 2 heats;
- excited state, marking the territory with urine and feces marks with a pronounced unpleasant odor.
It is important to understand that mating of female Chihuahuas occurs at the optimal stage of estrus. Otherwise, the bitch will not let the male in, and mating will not happen.
Early mating of a bitch before full puberty is fraught with consequences such as:
- termination of pregnancy and miscarriages;
- pathologies and anomalies of intrauterine development;
- difficult and problematic childbirth, including caesarean section;
- possible defects and deviations in the subsequent development of puppies.
With late primary mating, when a female is first bred to a male at the age of 3 years or older, the likelihood of stillbirth increases. This is due to atrophy of the reproductive system. If you do not plan to breed a Chihuahua, then sterilize the female in advance.
The female is ready for mating 2 times a year upon the fact of estrus. However, to avoid health problems, it is not recommended to do this more than once a year. In general, a bitch is ready to give birth to about 7 healthy litters in her life. Subsequent litters are most likely to be born with defects. A female weighing less than 1.5 kg is not allowed to be mated!
Estrus as a sign of a female's readiness to mate
Estrus in females, as a rule, occurs 2 times a year, lasts about 3 weeks, and symbolizes readiness for intercourse with a male dog. The first estrus in a Chihuahua is observed at the age of 6-9 months, but without the characteristic manifestation of sexual activity. As we remember, mating of a Chihuahua bitch is carried out no earlier than the second actual manifestation of estrus. At this point it will be 1.5-2 years old. The following phases of estrus in Chihuahuas are distinguished:
- Proestrus
(precursor). The preparatory phase, when the loop (vulva) of the female swells, takes on an elastic shape and a pink-milky hue. There is a discharge from the vagina of transparent, or interspersed with blood, mucus, with an unpleasant specific odor that attracts male dogs. Urination becomes more frequent. Duration: 6-9 days. - Estrus
. Favorable phase for mating Chihuahuas. It is characterized by a decrease in the tension of the loop, it becomes soft. Bleeding from the loop slows down, the consistency of the mucus becomes more liquid. If in the proestrus phase the bitch does not allow male dogs to approach her, then at this stage she shows initiative and desire to mate. Observed by the tail laid to one side and periodic squatting. The duration is approximately 4-7 days, so mating a Chihuahua is preferable at the very beginning. - Metestrus
. The final phase, characterized by a manifestation of indifference to the dog. All uterine processes are completed, the functionality of the female reproductive system is stabilized. The bleeding stops, the swelling of the loop subsides. Mucus discharge may persist for some time. The phase begins on days 13-15 and lasts no more than 6-8 days. - Anestrus
. Intermediate long time period between heats when the ovaries are at rest. Lasts until the next proestrus appears.
Knitting process
When everything has already been done, all documents have been drawn up, certificates have been studied and both parties are ready for the process, you can begin this important procedure. So what should you do?
If you have a girl
The bitch's muzzle is often wrapped in a bandage so that she does not accidentally bite the dog. After this, when the process itself begins, it is necessary to ensure that the male member falls into the loop. If this does not happen, carefully holding the dog under the belly, you can move it with a loop towards the male member. If everything goes well, the dog begins to squeal, which indicates the imminent ejaculation of its partner. Be sure to hold it so that it does not break out, otherwise all preparations will go down the drain.
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After the process has been completed, coupling occurs. The female's genitals swell and prevent the male's penis from coming out of the loop. This can last for several minutes or several hours. Be sure to hold the girl in one position so that she does not jerk sharply and injure the boy.
If you have a boy
We have already talked about the problems when a male dog cannot get his dick into a noose. You can also help him by gently guiding him. At the moment of ejaculation, he almost completely straightens his front legs, and stands as if above his partner.
After the coupling occurs, you need to help the dog get into a position that is comfortable for him. Some turn their back to their partner, and some prefer to be on the side of the other dog.
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Subtleties of Chihuahua mating
Choose a place for mating that would be as comfortable as possible for the groom. The Chihuahua must be on its territory and be aware of every corner of the room. It is not recommended to mate in the female’s territory, as she may show aggression, wariness towards the male and refuse to mate. If this is the male’s first experience, then such unfriendly behavior of the bride will affect the success of the mating and the subsequent psychological health of the animal. After choosing a place, walk the pets and feed them 3 hours before mating; Animals are usually knitted in the morning.
After preparation, bring the animals into the room prepared for mating. Let the female look around and get used to the new place. The male should be in another room and not interfere with the girl’s adjustment. As soon as the female Chihuahua is ready (emotionality and feelings of fear have subsided, the animal will become calm and moderately active), bring the male dog into the room and give them time to “get to know each other.”
During the mating process, there should be no one in the room other than the owners and the animals themselves. “Strangers” can frighten dogs and negatively affect the emotional mood of pets. If this is the first mating and the owners do not have the slightest idea about what is happening, you can invite a specialist who will supervise the process and explain to the owners the intricacies of mating. Chihuahuas usually mate on a table (cover the table with a rubber mat to prevent the animals' paws from slipping). It is recommended that the female wear a muzzle or bandage her muzzle to avoid fights and bites.
How does the mating process work?
Fix the female (the owner must do this) in one position to ensure comfort for the male during mounting. If the male is inexperienced, the owners can help him and move the female under the Chihuahua's belly to bring the genitals closer to each other. The first cages may be unsuccessful, but this quickly passes, and the Chihuahua sets the necessary rhythm. After the first cage, the female will begin to squeal, and the male will gradually rise on his hind legs. The straight paws of the male are evidence of approaching ejaculation; at this moment you need to squeeze the female as tightly as possible (her careless movement can knock the male off, and the process will be incomplete).
After ejaculation, the genitals of the animals swell, and mating occurs (squeezing the male member into the bitch’s vagina), which lasts from several minutes to several hours. During the mating period, the female should not be allowed to make sudden movements, otherwise she will damage the male’s genitals. The male dog also needs to be calmed down and prevented from jumping off the female too quickly. At the end of the process, give the animals water and leave them alone for a certain time.
What to do after
After the process is completed and the dogs have gone safely, let them drink enough and clean up. The bitch may secrete a cloudy secretion, the purpose of which is to facilitate the insertion of the male's penis. Such discharge may appear some time after mating (within several days), so there is no need to worry. After this, you can pick up your pets and return to your normal life.
Careful observation of the girl will help determine how successful the process was and whether she was fertilized.
